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ARABIC CULTURE

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       The cultural history of the Arabs begins in the seventh century, which witnessed the rise of Islam and the northward expansion of Arabs power. a power destined to dominate. a large part of the inhabited world in less than a century.        Despite the numerous political and theological tensions, the Arabs were able throughout. a period extending from the downfall of the Persian and Byzantine empires in the seventh century to the almost the whole of ancient learning, to integrate it into their own cultural life, and to raise the level of the knowledge in the field of mathematics , medicine, astrono-my and philosophy to unprecedented hei-ghts .                  The conquest of the Near East by Al_ exander the Great in the fourth century B. C. and in particular the founding of Alex2a-ander in 332 B.C., set the stage for the eastward migratio...
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THE RISE OF ARABIC TRANSLATION

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          The Amayyed caliphs who reigned at Damascus from 661 to 750 did little to adva- ce the process of culture but there is  some evidence that the first medical astronomic- al and alchemical translation  were  made during their rule . Philosophical translation must have started during this period also .           With the succession of the Abbaside in 750 the capital of Muslims empires to Bagh- dad and the first known translation of Indi- an Greek works on medicine astronomy an- d mathematics date from the reign of al-ma- nsour (754-775) the second member of the dynasty . But it was al-Mansor,s greet grand son . al-Mamum (813-933) who made the m- ost systematic attempt to aquire and transl- te the chiefs works of Greek Philosophy and science.He founded at Baghdad in 980 The - House of Wisdom a centre of research and translation. It first head was the court phys- ician and scholar Yuhanaa bin mass...
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