The cultural history of the Arabs begins in the seventh century, which witnessed the rise of Islam and the northward expansion of Arabs power. a power destined to dominate. a large part of the inhabited world in less than a century. Despite the numerous political and theological tensions, the Arabs were able throughout. a period extending from the downfall of the Persian and Byzantine empires in the seventh century to the almost the whole of ancient learning, to integrate it into their own cultural life, and to raise the level of the knowledge in the field of mathematics , medicine, astrono-my and philosophy to unprecedented hei-ghts . The conquest of the Near East by Al_ exander the Great in the fourth century B. C. and in particular the founding of Alex2a-ander in 332 B.C., set the stage for the eastward migratio...
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